import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.text.*;
import java.math.*;
import java.util.regex.*;

public class Solution {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
        int q = in.nextInt();
        for(int a0 = 0; a0 < q; a0++){
            int len = in.nextInt();
            int c = in.nextInt();
            int result = attempt1(len, c);
            System.out.print(result + "\n");
        }
    }
    public static int attempt1(int len, int numComparisons){
        int returnValue = 0;
        if((len == 1) && (numComparisons == 0)){
            returnValue = 1;
        }
        return returnValue;
    }
}