def ncrmod(N, R, mod):
    ans = 1
    while N > mod:
        tempn = N % mod
        N = N / mod
        tempr = R % mod
        R = R / mod
        ans = (ans * (ncr3(tempn, tempr) % mod)) % mod
        if ans == 0:
            return 0
    ans = (ans * (ncr3(N, R) % mod)) % mod
    return ans

def ncr3(N, R):
    if 0 <= R <= N:
        ntok = 1
        ktok = 1
        for t in xrange(1, min(R, N - R) + 1):
            ntok *= N
            ktok *= t
            N -= 1
        return ntok // ktok
    else:
        return 0

ncases = input()
for i in range(ncases):
    line = [int(x) for x in raw_input().split(' ')]
    N = line[0]
    K = line[1]
    
    print ncrmod(N - K + 1, K, 100003)