using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Numerics;

class Solution {
     const int MOD = 100003;
    
    static void Main(String[] args) {
        /* Enter your code here. Read input from STDIN. Print output to STDOUT. Your class should be named Solution */
        //build up binom coefficients
        var T = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
        
        for(var i = 0; i < T; i++){
            var NandK = Console.ReadLine().Split(' ').Select(Int64.Parse).ToArray();
            var N = NandK[0];
            var K = NandK[1];
            
            var n = N - K + 1;
            Console.WriteLine((NChoosK(n, K))% MOD);
        }
        
    }
    
    static BigInteger NChoosK(BigInteger n, BigInteger k){
        if(n < k) return 0;
        if(k > n - k) 
            k = n -k;
        BigInteger result = 1;
        for(int i = 1; i <=k;i++){
            result *= n - k + i;
            result /= i;
        }
        
        return result;
    }
   
}