def solve(n, k): j = -1 if k < n - k: j = k else: j = n - k p = q = 1 for i in xrange(k): p *= n - i q *= 1 + i return p / q t = int(raw_input()) while t: t -= 1 n, k = [int(x) for x in raw_input().split()] ans = solve(n - k + 1, k) % 100003 print ans