# Enter your code here. Read input from STDIN. Print output to STDOUT def fact(n, p): if n >= p: return 0 f = 1 for i in xrange(1,n+1): f *= (i % p) f %= p return f def choose(n, k, p): if k < 0 or k > n: return 0 elif k == n: return 1 num = fact(n, p) den = (fact(k, p) * fact(n - k, p)) % p return (pow(den, p-2, p) * num) % p for i in range(int(raw_input())): houses, gfs = map(int,raw_input().split()) w = houses + 1 if w-gfs >= 0 and gfs >= 0 and ((w-gfs) - gfs) >= 0: print choose(w-gfs, gfs, 100003) % 100003 else: print 0