# Enter your code here. Read input from STDIN. Print output to STDOUT p = 100003 memo = {} def mul_inv(a, b): if b == 1: return 1 b_init = b a_init = a r,s = 0,1 while a > 1: q = a/b a, b = b, a%b r, s = s - q*r, r if s < 0: s += b_init return s def fact(n, p=None): m = 1 while n: m = (m * n) if p: m = m % p n -= 1 return m def choose(n, k): if k == 0: return 1 num = 1 den = 1 for m in xrange(n, n-k, -1): num = (num*m)%p for m in xrange(1, k+1): den = (den*m)%p return (num * mul_inv(den,p)) % p for _ in xrange(int(raw_input())): N,K = map(int, raw_input().split()) a = N - K - (K-1) b = K if a < 0 or b < 0: print 0 else: print choose(a+b, min(a,b))